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🤖 Lesson 1: What is Arduino?

⏱️ Estimated time: 10 minutes | Difficulty: Beginner

The Brains of Your Project

Arduino is an open-source electronics platform based on easy-to-use hardware and software. It's designed for anyone making interactive projects — from blinking lights to complex robots.

Arduino = Electronics Made Easy

Arduino is an open-source microcontroller platform that lets you create interactive electronic projects. It's a tiny computer on a board that can read sensors, control motors, blink LEDs, and so much more!

What Can You Build?

  • 💡 LED displays and light shows
  • 🌡️ Weather stations & temperature monitors
  • 🤖 Robots and motor-controlled systems
  • 🏠 Home automation (smart lights, locks)
  • 🎮 Custom game controllers
  • 📡 IoT (Internet of Things) devices

Arduino Board Overview

┌─────────────────────────────────┐
│         Arduino Uno             │
│                                 │
│  [USB Port]        [Power Port] │
│                                 │
│  Digital Pins: 0-13  (I/O)     │
│  Analog Pins:  A0-A5 (Input)   │
│  5V & 3.3V Power               │
│  GND (Ground)                   │
│  Built-in LED: Pin 13          │
└─────────────────────────────────┘

Arduino Programming Language

Arduino uses a simplified version of C/C++. Every Arduino program (called a sketch) has two main functions:

void setup() {
    // Runs ONCE when Arduino starts
    // Configure pins, initialize settings
}

void loop() {
    // Runs FOREVER (repeating)
    // Your main code goes here
}

✅ Quick Quiz

❓ How many times does setup() run?

❓ What is an Arduino program called?

❓ Which function repeats continuously?

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